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A CT scan demonstrating acute appendicitis (note the appendix has a diameter of 17.1 mm and there is surrounding fat stranding) A fecalith marked by the arrow that has resulted in acute appendicitis. Where it is readily available, computed tomography (CT) has become frequently used, especially in people whose diagnosis is not obvious on history ...
The longest appendix ever removed was 26 cm (10 in) long. [3] The appendix is usually located in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen, near the right hip bone. The base of the appendix is located 2 cm (0.79 in) beneath the ileocecal valve that separates the large intestine from the small
It is also called appendicolith when it occurs in the appendix and is sometimes concurrent with appendicitis. [1] They can also obstruct diverticula. It can form secondary to fecal impaction. A fecaloma is a more severe form of fecal impaction, and a hardened fecaloma may be considered a giant fecalith. The term is from the Greek líthos=stone. [2]
Ultrasound and CT scans are the normal means of positive diagnosis of epiploic appendagitis. Ultrasound scans show "an oval, non-compressible hyperechoic mass with a subtle hypoechoic rim directly under the site of maximum tenderness". [4] Normally, epiploic appendages cannot be seen on CT scan. [4]
Abdominal imaging is associated with many potential uses for the different phases of contrast CT.The majority of abdominal and pelvic CT's can be performed using a single-phase, but the evaluation of some tumor types (hepatic/pancreatic/renal), the urinary collecting system, and trauma patients among others, may be best performed with multiple phases.
CT scan has been shown to be more accurate, than ultrasound in detecting acute appendicitis, [9] but with children and pregnant women, ultrasound may be used to limit radiation exposure. [ 8 ] Treatment
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The psoas sign, also known as Cope's sign (or Cope's psoas test [1]) or Obraztsova's sign, [2] is a medical sign that indicates irritation to the iliopsoas group of hip flexors in the abdomen, and consequently indicates that the inflamed appendix is retrocaecal in orientation (as the iliopsoas muscle is retroperitoneal).