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Thomas' sign is the production of silver stools and can be indicative of cancer of the Ampulla of Vater. The ampulla of Vater is the site of tumors, often with a threatening prognosis and difficult surgical treatment. The silver-colored stool is a combination of the white stool of obstructive jaundice combined with black stool of melena or ...
The sphincter regulates the secretion of pancreatic juice and bile into the duodenum. [3] It also prevents reflux of duodenal contents into the ampulla of Vater. [4] By preventing reflux of the contents of the duodenum, the sphincter of Oddi prevents the accumulation of particulate matter and sludge in the bile ducts, reducing the risk of cholangitis.
Individuals with stenosis of the sphincter of Oddi typically have an elevated baseline pressure of the sphincter of Oddi, due to an anatomical problem that leads to narrowing of the sphincter, such as recurrent passage of gallstones through the ampulla of Vater, trauma to the sphincter from procedures such as endoscopic retrograde ...
Left and right hepatic ducts 4. Common hepatic duct 5. Cystic duct 6. Common bile duct 7. Ampulla of Vater 8. Major duodenal papilla 9. Gallbladder 10–11. Right and left lobes of liver 12. Spleen 13. Esophagus 14. Stomach 15. Pancreas: 16. Accessory pancreatic duct 17. Pancreatic duct 18.
Periampullary cancer is a cancer that forms near the ampulla of Vater, an enlargement of the ducts from the liver and pancreas where they join and enter the small intestine. [1] It consists of: ampullary tumour from ampulla of Vater; cancer of lower common bile duct; duodenal cancer adjacent to ampulla; carcinoma head of pancreas
The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct just prior to the ampulla of Vater, after which both ducts perforate the medial side of the second portion of the duodenum at the major duodenal papilla. There are many anatomical variants reported, but these are quite rare. [2]
[2] [4] It sometimes join the common hepatic duct at its anterior, posterior, or medial side [4] [3] (in the latter case by passing posteriorly around the common bile duct to join it from the other side). [2] It may spiral around the common hepatic duct before joining it. [4] Very rarely, the cystic duct opens into the duodenum. [3]
Biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy is a procedure where the sphincter of Oddi and the segment of the common bile duct where it enters the duodenum are cannulated and then cut with a sphincterotome, a device that includes a wire which cuts with an electric current (electrocautery).