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Other antimalarials like amodiaquine, halofantrine, and hydroxychloroquine have also been linked to pruritus, albeit less frequently and to a lesser extent. [2] Another class of medications known to occasionally cause itching is known as serotonin reuptake inhibitors. [3] Itching is one of the most frequent adverse effects of opioid therapy. [4]
Antipruritics, abirritants, [1] or anti-itch drugs, are medications that inhibit itching (Latin: pruritus).Itching is often associated with sunburns, allergic reactions, eczema, psoriasis, chickenpox, fungal infections, insect bites and stings like those from mosquitoes, fleas, mites, and contact dermatitis and urticaria caused by plants such as poison ivy (urushiol-induced contact dermatitis ...
An itch can be caused by various reasons. The cause of senile pruritus is not clearly known, this type of itch in elderly patients may be a result of other reasons, like: [7] allergies; drug-induced pruritus; diseases mentioned under the Classification section of this article; underlying conditions, like kidney failure or gallbladder diseases ...
An itch (also known as pruritus) is a sensation that causes a strong desire or reflex to scratch. [1] Itches have resisted many attempts to be classified as any one type of sensory experience. Itches have many similarities to pain , and while both are unpleasant sensory experiences, their behavioral response patterns are different.
Pruritus is a common side effect of morphine or other pure MOR agonist opioid administration. Kjellberg et al. (2001) published a review of clinical trials relating to the prevalence of morphine induced pruritus and its pharmacologic control. The authors state that nalbuphine is an effective anti-pruritic agent against morphine induced pruritus.
Type A: augmented pharmacological effects, which are dose-dependent and predictable [5]; Type A reactions, which constitute approximately 80% of adverse drug reactions, are usually a consequence of the drug's primary pharmacological effect (e.g., bleeding when using the anticoagulant warfarin) or a low therapeutic index of the drug (e.g., nausea from digoxin), and they are therefore predictable.
Pruritus can be seen with hepatic and renal disease such as cholestasis, alcoholic liver disease, primary biliary cholangitis, hepatitis B and C, and chronic kidney disease. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Drug and alcohol use can contribute to pruritus as well so it is worthwhile to gather a social history.
The cause is unclear but believed to involve a number of genetic and environmental factors. [2] [4] Risk factors for seborrhoeic dermatitis include poor immune function, Parkinson's disease, and alcoholic pancreatitis. [4] [6] The condition may worsen with stress or during the winter. [4] Malassezia yeast is believed to play a role. [6]