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Native Americans in the American Civil War refers to the involvement of various tribes of Native Americans in the United States during the American Civil War. An estimated 20,000 Native Americans fought on both sides in the war, with some reaching high ranks in both armies. Many more helped in support roles, such as supply and sabotage.
During the American Civil War, most of what is now the U.S. state of Oklahoma was designated as the Indian Territory.It served as an unorganized region that had been set aside specifically for Native American tribes and was occupied mostly by tribes which had been removed from their ancestral lands in the Southeastern United States following the Indian Removal Act of 1830.
[2]: 189 The Native Americans vanquished trained soldiers. [2]: 189 Some other Native American tactics in this war were to hide in the trees and bushes, then wait for the enemy to come so they could ambush them. [2]: 185 After a battle, these people would also go and scalp the enemy, and sometimes steal whatever was found on the bodies.
Confederate Units of Indian Territory consisted of Native Americans from the Five Civilized Tribes — the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole nations. [1] The 1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles were commanded by the highest ranking Native American of the war: Brig. Gen. Stand Watie, who also became the last Confederate General to surrender on June 23, 1865. [2]
Colonists recruited Indian allies during such instances as the Pequot War from 1634–1638, the Revolutionary War, as well as in War of 1812. Native Americans also fought on both sides during the American Civil War, as well as military missions abroad including the most notable, the Codetalkers who served in World War II. The Scouts were active ...
Anglo-Cherokee War (1758–61) Part of the Seven Years' War Great Britain: Cherokee: Pontiac's War (1763–66) Great Britain: Ottawa Ojibwe Potawatomi Huron Miami Wea Kickapoo Mascouten Piankeshaw Delaware Shawnee Wyandot Mingo Seneca: Native Americans concede British sovereignty, but compel British policy changes
The Union Army's 1st Louisiana Native Guard regiment in September 1862 was not made up only of men from the Confederate Guard. Of the nearly 1,000 enlisted soldiers of the Confederate Native Guards, only 107 were recorded as enlisting in the Union "Native Guard", and only ten of the 36 officers served the Union.
Of the 3,469 Medals of Honor awarded as of 2010, 29 have been awarded to Native Americans. The Medal of Honor was created during the American Civil War and is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces. The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life ...