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In the early Islamic period, Iraq was a key center of the Abbasid Caliphate, with the city of Baghdad serving as its capital from the 8th to the 13th century. Sunni Arabs played a significant role in the administration (including the ruling Abbasid dynasty) and cultural life of the caliphate, and many important figures of Islamic scholarship and literature emerged from Iraq during this time ...
Iraq's Muslims follow two distinct traditions, Shia and Sunni Islam. According to the CIA World Factbook , Iraq is approximately 95% to 98% Muslim, with approximately 55% Shia and 40% Sunni. [ 5 ] According to a 2011 survey by Pew Research , 51% of the Muslims identify as Shia and 42% as Sunni. [ 6 ]
The data on the religious affiliation of Iraq's population are uncertain. 95–99% of the population are Muslims. [15] [16] The CIA World Factbook reported a 2015 estimate according to which 36–39% were Sunni Muslims and 61-64% Shia Muslims. [15] According to a 2011 survey by Pew Research, 51% of the Muslims identified as Shia and 42% as ...
Thousands of Sunni fighters crossed from Syria into Iraq after the 2003 U.S. invasion and fueled years of sectarian killing before returning in 2013 as Islamic State to conquer a third of the country.
Shia Islam in Iraq (Arabic: الشيعة في العراق) has a history going back to the times of Ali ibn Abi Talib, the first imam of Shia Islam and fourth caliph of Sunni Islam who moved the capital of the early caliphate from Medina to Kufa (or Najaf) two decades after the death of Muhammad.
They deceive the Shia in Lebanon, Syria, Iraq and everywhere else telling them 'you are minorities in Sunni areas' and this is not true." [40] Iraqi, Kuwaiti, and Khuzestani Arab Shias largely opposed the Islamic Republic of Iran. [41] [42] [43] There was also significant Lebanese Shia opposition towards the Islamic Republic of Iran. [44]
The government of Iraq is defined under the current Constitution, approved in 2005, as an Islamic, [1] democratic, parliamentary republic. [2] The government is composed of the executive , legislative , and judicial branches, as well as numerous independent commissions.
Flag of the Kurdistan Regional Government of Iraq Approximate map of the Kurdish-populated region of Iraq. The vast majority of Iraqi Kurds are Sunni Muslims, with Shia and Christian minorities. Under the Kingdom of Iraq, Kurdish leader Mustafa Barzani led a rebellion against the central government in Baghdad in 1945.