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The very first time a stored-program computer held a piece of software in electronic memory and executed it successfully, was 11 am 21 June 1948, at the University of Manchester, on the Manchester Baby computer. It was written by Tom Kilburn, and calculated the highest factor of the integer 2^18 = 262,144. Starting with a large trial divisor ...
Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie (September 9, 1941 – c. October 12, 2011) was an American computer scientist. [3] He created the C programming language and the Unix operating system and B language with long-time colleague Ken Thompson. [3]
Data was read and written from the papertape punch under program control. The Mark 1 had no system of hardware interrupts; the program continued after a read or write operation had been initiated until another input/output instruction was encountered, at which point the machine waited for the first to complete. [23]
PLATO Notes, created by David R. Woolley in 1973, was among the world's first online message boards, and years later became the direct progenitor of Lotus Notes. [ citation needed ] PLATO's plasma panels were well suited to games, although its I/O bandwidth (180 characters per second or 60 graphic lines per second) was relatively slow.
It is a very popular language, especially for systems programming – as it is flexible and fast. C was considered a refreshing change in the computing field because it helped introduce structured programming. Inspired by C, C++, was introduced in the 1980s, and in turn helped usher in the era of object-oriented programming. 1972: US
Together with J. C. Shaw [43] and Herbert Simon, the three co-wrote the Logic Theorist, the first true AI program, in the first list-processing language, which influenced LISP. 1943 Newman, Max: Instigated the production of the Colossus computers at Bletchley Park.
[1] They also invented an automatic flute player which appears to have been the first programmable machine. [2] c. 1000 Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī invented the Planisphere, an analog computer. [3] He also invented the first mechanical lunisolar calendar which employed a gear train and eight gear-wheels. [4]
With MIDI, notes played on a keyboard can automatically be transcribed to sheet music. [12]: 213 Scorewriting software typically lacks advanced sequencing tools and is optimized for the creation of a neat, professional printout designed for live instrumentalists.