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The artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus), [1] also known by the other names: French artichoke, globe artichoke, and green artichoke in the United States, [2] is a variety of a species of thistle cultivated as food. The edible portion of the plant consists of the flower buds before the flowers come into bloom.
The oil, extracted from the seeds of the cardoon, and called artichoke oil, is similar to safflower and sunflower oil in composition and use. [28] Cardoon is the feedstock for the first biorefinery in the world converting the installations of a petrochemical plant in Porto Torres , Sardinia , providing biomass and oils for the building blocks ...
Cynara species are used as food plants by the larvae of many lepidopterans, such as the artichoke plume moth (Platyptilia carduidactyla), a pest of artichoke crops. [5] C. cardunculus is being developed as a new bioenergy crop in the Mediterranean because of its high biomass and seed oil yields even under harsh conditions. [6] [7]
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Jerusalem artichoke can propagate with seeds and tubers but the use of tubers leads to higher yields. [45] For planting, the tubers are cut into pieces with three to five buds [ 46 ] that are placed in 5–10 centimetres (2–4 in) depth in the soil.
With help from gibberellic acid, ‘Imperial Star’ can produce as much as 1,540 pounds per acre, while ‘Green Queen’ can produce 10,485 pounds per acre, Agehara said.