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  2. Soviet crewed lunar programs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_crewed_lunar_programs

    The Soviet crewed lunar programs were a series of programs pursued by the Soviet Union to land humans on the Moon, in competition with the United States Apollo program.The Soviet government publicly denied participating in such a competition, but secretly pursued two programs in the 1960s: crewed lunar flyby missions using Soyuz 7K-L1 (Zond) spacecraft launched with the Proton-K rocket, and a ...

  3. Luna programme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_programme

    The Luna programme (from the Russian word Луна "Luna" meaning "Moon"), occasionally called Lunik by western media, [1] was a series of robotic spacecraft missions sent to the Moon by the Soviet Union between 1959 and 1976.

  4. LK (spacecraft) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LK_(spacecraft)

    The LK (Russian: ЛК, from Russian: Лунный корабль, romanized: Lunniy korabyl, lit. 'lunar craft'; GRAU index: 11F94) was a lunar module (lunar lander designed for human spaceflight) developed in the 1960s as a part of several Soviet crewed lunar programs. Its role was analogous to the American Apollo Lunar Module (LM).

  5. Luna 25 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_25

    Luna 25 (or Luna-25; Russian: Луна-25) was a failed Russian lunar lander mission by Roscosmos [7] in August 2023 that planned to land near the lunar south pole, in the vicinity of the crater Boguslawsky.

  6. A failed lunar mission dents Russian pride and reflects ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/failed-lunar-mission-dents-russian...

    An ambitious but failed attempt by Russia to return to the moon after nearly half a century has exposed the massive challenges faced by Moscow's once-proud space program. The destruction of the ...

  7. Soyuz programme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz_programme

    The Soyuz programme (/ ˈ s ɔɪ juː z / SOY-yooz, / ˈ s ɔː-/ SAW-; Russian: Союз, meaning "Union") is a human spaceflight programme initiated by the Soviet Union in the early 1960s. The Soyuz spacecraft was originally part of a Moon landing project intended to put a Soviet cosmonaut on the Moon. [1]

  8. Lunokhod programme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunokhod_programme

    Parabolic dish TNA-400 and abandoned NIP-10. Lunokhod's original primary mission was to be the back-up for L3 crewed Moon expeditions and for the later Zvezda lunar base. [citation needed] For mission safety, weeks before the human mission on a LK lander, an LK-R uncrewed lander from the L3 lunar expedition complex and two Lunokhod automated rovers would be sent to the Moon for a preliminary ...

  9. Luna 15 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_15

    Luna 15 was a robotic space mission of the Soviet Luna programme, that was in lunar orbit together with the Apollo 11 Command module Columbia.. On 21 July 1969, while Apollo 11 astronauts finished the first human moonwalk, Luna 15, a robotic Soviet spacecraft in lunar orbit at the time, began its descent to the lunar surface.