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The Pioneer Group is a term used by scholars for a number of vase painters working in the potters' quarter of Kerameikos in ancient Athens around the beginning of the 5th century BC, around the time of the emergence of red-figure vase painting, which soon displaced the previously dominant black-figure style.
The Andokides workshop began the production of red-figure pottery around 530 BC. Gradually, the new red-figure technique began to replace the older black-figure style. Euphronios was to become one of the most important representatives of early red-figure vase painting in Athens. Together with a few other contemporary young painters, modern ...
Heracles and Geryon on an Attic black-figured amphora with a thick layer of transparent gloss, c. 540 BC, now in the Munich State Collection of Antiquities.. Black-figure pottery painting (also known as black-figure style or black-figure ceramic; Ancient Greek: μελανόμορφα, romanized: melanómorpha) is one of the styles of painting on antique Greek vases.
Procession of men, kylix by the Triptolemos Painter, circa 480 BC. Paris: Louvre The wedding of Thetis, pyxis by the Wedding Painter, circa 470/460 BC. Paris: Louvre. Red-figure pottery (Ancient Greek: ἐρυθρόμορφα, romanized: erythrómorpha) is a style of ancient Greek pottery in which the background of the pottery is painted black while the figures and details are left in the ...
Euphronios was a part of the Pioneer Group, and was known to be a major component in the transition from black-figure to red-figure pottery in Ancient Greece. [9] His use of red-figure on this krater allowed him to add an increasing amount of detail to the figures and scenes he depicted, like the textures of Herakles' club and lion skin. [10] [11]
Black-figure and Red-figure styles Armoured warrior on a plate acribed to Psiax, circa 510 BC, found in the sanctuary of Zeus at Olympia , Antikensammlung Berlin . Psiax was an Attic vase painter of the transitional period between the black-figure and red-figure styles.
Today, about 600 vases are known; 15 painters or groups of painters can be recognised. Key characteristic of the vases the high quality of the pottery. The shiny slip that usually covers turned deep black after firing. The base clay was orange. Their painters made generous use of red and white paints, as well as incision for internal detail.
It is likely, however, that he also worked in black-figure painting, [3] and his style suggests a link, possibly in the role of student, to the great black-figure painter Exekias. [4] John Boardman sees connections to Ionian art in the painter's work, suggesting that he may have been an immigrant from East Greece. [ 3 ]