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Galen was also a pioneer in research about the human spine. His dissections and vivisections of animals led to key observations that helped him accurately describe the human spine, spinal cord, and vertebral column. Galen also played a major role in the discoveries of the central nervous system.
The history of biology traces the study of the living world from ancient to modern times. Although the concept of biology as a single coherent field arose in the 19th century, the biological sciences emerged from traditions of medicine and natural history reaching back to Ayurveda, ancient Egyptian medicine and the works of Aristotle, Theophrastus and Galen in the ancient Greco-Roman world.
Journal of Biotechnology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research ranging from genetic and molecular biological positions to biochemical, chemical, or bioprocess engineering aspects as well as research on the computer application of new software concepts which are directly relevant to biotechnology.
Cell Reports is a peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing research papers across a broad range of disciplines within the life sciences. [1] The journal was established in 2012 and is the first open access journal published by Cell Press, an imprint of Elsevier. [1]
PLOS (for Public Library of Science; PLoS until 2012 [1]) is a nonprofit publisher of open-access journals in science, technology, and medicine and other scientific literature, under an open-content license. It was founded in 2000 and launched its first journal, PLOS Biology, in October 2003.
The impact factor relates to a specific time period; it is possible to calculate it for any desired period. For example, the JCR also includes a five-year impact factor, which is calculated by dividing the number of citations to the journal in a given year by the number of articles published in that journal in the previous five years. [14] [15]
McKinley's early research examined the fluxes of oxygen between the atmosphere and the ocean. [3] While a postdoctoral researcher in Mexico, she examined the impact of air pollution controls on Mexico City. [4] In lakes, McKinley has examined changes in wind strength, [5] circulation, [6] and the optical properties of lakes. [7]
IUBMB Life is the flagship journal of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and is devoted to the rapid publication of the most novel and significant original research articles, reviews, and hypotheses in the broadly defined fields of biochemistry, molecular biology, cell biology, and molecular medicine.