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Although hydrofluoric acid is regarded as a weak acid, it is very corrosive, even attacking glass when hydrated. [ 20 ] Dilute solutions are weakly acidic with an acid ionization constant K a = 6.6 × 10 −4 (or p K a = 3.18 ), [ 10 ] in contrast to corresponding solutions of the other hydrogen halides, which are strong acids ( p K a < 0 ).
Aqueous solutions of HF are called hydrofluoric acid. When dilute, hydrofluoric acid behaves like a weak acid, unlike the other hydrohalic acids, due to the formation of hydrogen-bonded ion pairs [H 3 O + ·F −]. However concentrated solutions are strong acids, because bifluoride anions are predominant, instead
Compound Chemical formula Bond length d(H−X) / pm (gas phase) model Dipole μ / D Aqueous phase (acid) Aqueous Phase pK a values hydrogen fluoride (fluorane) HF: 1.86: hydrofluoric acid: 3.1 hydrogen chloride (chlorane) HCl: 1.11: hydrochloric acid-3.9 hydrogen bromide (bromane) HBr: 0.788: hydrobromic acid-5.8 hydrogen iodide (iodane) HI: 0. ...
An aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is water. It is mostly shown in chemical equations by appending (aq) to the relevant chemical formula . For example, a solution of table salt , also known as sodium chloride (NaCl), in water would be represented as Na + (aq) + Cl − (aq) .
Subunit of crystal structure of [H 3 O] + [BF 4] − highlighting the hydrogen bonding between the cation and the anion. Aqueous solutions of H[BF 4] are produced by dissolving boric acid in aqueous hydrofluoric acid. [8] [9] Three equivalents of HF react to give the intermediate boron trifluoride and the fourth gives fluoroboric acid:
Unlike other hydrohalic acids, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrogen fluoride is only a weak acid in water solution, with acid dissociation constant (pK a) equal to 3.19. [36] HF's weakness as an aqueous acid is paradoxical considering how polar the HF bond is, much more so than the bond in HCl, HBr, or HI. The explanation for the behavior is ...
Acid strength is the tendency of an acid, symbolised by the chemical formula, to dissociate into a proton, +, and an anion, .The dissociation or ionization of a strong acid in solution is effectively complete, except in its most concentrated solutions.
Fluoroantimonic acid is a mixture of hydrogen fluoride and antimony pentafluoride, containing various cations and anions (the simplest being H 2 F + and Sb F − 6).This mixture is a superacid that, in terms of corrosiveness, is trillions of times stronger than pure sulfuric acid when measured by its Hammett acidity function.