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Depyrogenation refers to the removal of pyrogens from solutions, most commonly from injectable pharmaceuticals.. A pyrogen is defined as any substance that can cause a fever. . Bacterial pyrogens include endotoxins and exotoxins, although many pyrogens are endogenous to the ho
Vycor products are made by a multi-step process. First, a relatively soft alkali-borosilicate glass is melted and formed by typical glassworking techniques into the desired shape. This is heat-treated, which causes the material to separate into two intermingled "phases" with distinct chemical compositions.
Bohemian and Venetian Murano glass are often described as silver overlay, but the silver is so thin that it looks as though it has been painted onto the surface, producing a flat effect. Friedrich Deusch invented a way to combine silver and a non-conductive surface such as porcelain or glass with galvanization .
Silanization (or siliconization) of glassware is a common application that increases the hydrophobicity of a glass container. Thus treated, the glassware produces a flat meniscus and allowing for more complete transfer of aqueous solutions. [2] [8] Silanization of glassware is used in cell culturing to minimize adherence of cells to flask walls ...
Aqua regia is primarily used to produce chloroauric acid, the electrolyte in the Wohlwill process for refining the highest purity (99.999%) gold. Aqua regia is also used in etching and in specific analytic procedures. It is also used in some laboratories to clean glassware of organic compounds and metal particles.
A sublimatory [1] [2] or sublimation apparatus is equipment, commonly laboratory glassware, for purification of compounds by selective sublimation. In principle, the operation resembles purification by distillation , except that the products do not pass through a liquid phase .
However, the term dealkalization may also be generally applied to any process where a glass surface forms a thin surface layer that is depleted of alkali ions relative to the bulk. A common example is the initial stages of glass corrosion or weathering , where alkali ions are leached from the surface region by interactions with water, forming a ...
This process is widely confused with the formation of "desert amethyst glass", in which glass exposed to desert sunshine with a high ultraviolet component develops a delicate violet tint. Details of the process and the composition of the glass vary and so do the results, because it is not a simple matter to obtain or produce properly controlled ...