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Fecal vomiting or copremesis is a kind of vomiting wherein the material vomited is of fecal origin. It is a common symptom of gastrojejunocolic fistula and intestinal obstruction in the ileum . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Fecal vomiting is often accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms, including abdominal pain , abdominal distension , dehydration , and diarrhea .
Depending on the level of obstruction, bowel obstruction can present with abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and constipation.Bowel obstruction may be complicated by dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities due to vomiting; respiratory compromise from pressure on the diaphragm by a distended abdomen, or aspiration of vomitus; bowel ischemia or perforation from prolonged distension or ...
Some authors report this treatment as effective and safe with no risk of side effects. [23] Self-administered enemas may however be abused, which can cause anorectal fibrosis and stricture, due to repeated microtrauma. [23] The disadvantages of this treatment are mainly social stigma and inconvenience.
In later stages of constipation, the abdomen may become distended, hard and diffusely tender. Severe cases ("fecal impaction" or malignant constipation) may exhibit symptoms of bowel obstruction (nausea, vomiting, tender abdomen) and encopresis, where soft stool from the small intestine bypasses the mass of impacted fecal matter in the colon.
An obstruction further down in the intestine or colon will cause delayed vomiting. An infectious cause of nausea and vomiting such as gastroenteritis may present several hours to days after the food was ingested. [15] The contents of the emesis is a valuable clue towards determining the cause.
Signs and symptoms of DIOS include a sudden onset of crampy abdominal pain, vomiting, and a palpable mass (often in the right lower quadrant) in the abdomen. The characteristic abdominal pain is typically located in the center or right lower quadrant of the abdomen. [ 1 ]
Pyloric stenosis (in babies, this typically causes a very forceful "projectile vomiting" and is an indication for urgent surgery) Bowel obstruction; Overeating (stomach too full) Acute abdomen and/or peritonitis; Ileus; Food allergies (often in conjunction with hives or swelling) Cholecystitis, pancreatitis, appendicitis, hepatitis; Food poisoning
The strategies of management or therapy of nausea and vomiting depend on the underlying causes. [7] Medical treatments or conditions associated with a high risk of nausea and/or vomiting include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and malignant bowel obstruction. [8] Anticipatory nausea and vomiting may also occur. [9]