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  2. Bragg's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bragg's_law

    In many areas of science, Bragg's law, Wulff–Bragg's condition, or Laue–Bragg interference are a special case of Laue diffraction, giving the angles for coherent scattering of waves from a large crystal lattice. It describes how the superposition of wave fronts scattered by lattice planes leads to a strict relation between the wavelength ...

  3. Wave interference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_interference

    In physics, interference is a phenomenon in which two coherent waves are combined by adding their intensities or displacements with due consideration for their phase difference. The resultant wave may have greater intensity ( constructive interference ) or lower amplitude ( destructive interference ) if the two waves are in phase or out of ...

  4. Iridescence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iridescence

    Iridescence is caused by wave interference of light in microstructures or thin films. Examples of iridescence include soap bubbles, feathers, butterfly wings and seashell nacre, and minerals such as opal. Pearlescence is a related effect where some or most of the reflected light is white. The term pearlescent is used to describe certain paint ...

  5. Interferometric visibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interferometric_visibility

    The interferometric visibility (also known as interference visibility and fringe visibility, or just visibility when in context) is a measure of the contrast of interference in any system subject to wave superposition. Examples include as optics, quantum mechanics, water waves, sound waves, or electrical

  6. Interferometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interferometry

    The characteristics of the interference pattern depend on the nature of the light source and the precise orientation of the mirrors and beam splitter. In Fig. 2a, the optical elements are oriented so that S ′ 1 and S ′ 2 are in line with the observer, and the resulting interference pattern consists of circles centered on the normal to M 1 ...

  7. Thin-film interference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_interference

    Thin-film interference is a natural phenomenon in which light waves reflected by the upper and lower boundaries of a thin film interfere with one another, increasing reflection at some wavelengths and decreasing it at others. When white light is incident on a thin film, this effect produces colorful reflections.

  8. Optical contact bonding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_contact_bonding

    It was not until the 19th century that objects were made with such precision that the binding phenomenon was observed. The bond was referred to as "ansprengen" in German language. By 1900, optical contact bonding was being employed in the construction of optical prisms, and the following century saw further research into the phenomenon at the ...

  9. Tyndall effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyndall_effect

    [10] [11] The blue iris is an example of a structural color because it relies only on the interference of light through the turbid medium to generate the color. Blue eyes and brown eyes, therefore, are anatomically different from each other in a genetically non-variable way because of the difference between turbid media and melanin.