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A conditional sentence is a sentence in a natural language that expresses that one thing is contingent on another, e.g., "If it rains, the picnic will be cancelled." They are so called because the impact of the sentence’s main clause is conditional on a subordinate clause.
Prototypical conditional sentences in English are those of the form "If X, then Y". The clause X is referred to as the antecedent (or protasis), while the clause Y is called the consequent (or apodosis). A conditional is understood as expressing its consequent under the temporary hypothetical assumption of its antecedent.
Causal conditional, if X then Y, where X is a cause of Y; Conditional probability, the probability of an event A given that another event B; Conditional proof, in logic: a proof that asserts a conditional, and proves that the antecedent leads to the consequent; Material conditional, in propositional calculus, or logical calculus in mathematics
In elliptical sentences (see below), inversion takes place after so (meaning "also") as well as after the negative neither: so do I, neither does she. Inversion can also be used to form conditional clauses, beginning with should, were (subjunctive), or had, in the following ways: should I win the race (equivalent to if I win the race);
Open conditional sentences generally use the indicative mood in both protasis and apodosis, although in some general conditions the subjunctive mood is used in the protasis. Ideal and unreal conditionals use the subjunctive in the protasis, and usually they also use the subjunctive in the apodosis, though sometimes the indicative may be used.
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Also, this page's title implies it's about the verb form called "conditional" in many language, e.g. French j'irais 'I would go'. But the content is much more about conditional sentences, which may or may not be formed with conditional verb forms (e.g. French si tu feras la vaisselle, je l'essuyerai 'if you wash the dishes, I will dry them'). I ...
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