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Acrylonitrile is an organic compound with the formula CH 2 CHCN and the structure H 2 C=CH−C≡N. It is a colorless, volatile liquid. It has a pungent odor of garlic or onions. [ 4 ]
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) (chemical formula (C 8 H 8) x · (C 4 H 6) y · (C 3 H 3 N) z) is a common thermoplastic polymer. Its glass transition temperature is approximately 105 °C (221 °F). [4] ABS is amorphous and therefore has no true melting point. ABS is a terpolymer made by polymerizing styrene and acrylonitrile in the ...
Most commercial methods for the synthesis of PAN are based on free radical polymerization of acrylonitrile. [14] In most of the cases, 10% amounts of other vinyl comonomers are also used (1–10%) along with AN depending on the final application. Comonomers include acrylic acid, acrylamide, allyl compounds, and sulfonated styrene. [2]
Cyanoethylation is a process for the attachment of CH 2 CH 2 CN group to another organic substrate. The method is used in the synthesis of organic compounds. [1]Cyanoethylation entails addition of protic nucleophiles to acrylonitrile.
Styrene acrylonitrile resin (SAN) is a copolymer plastic consisting of styrene and acrylonitrile. It is widely used in place of polystyrene owing to its greater thermal resistance. The chains of between 70 and 80% by weight styrene and 20 to 30% acrylonitrile. [ 1 ]
ASA can be made by either a reaction process of all three monomers (styrene, acrylonitrile, acrylic ester) or a graft process, although the graft process is the typical method. A grafted acrylic ester elastomer is introduced during the copolymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile. The elastomer is introduced as a powder. [11]
Acrylic elastomer can generally be characterized as one of two types. "Old" types include ACM (copolymer of acrylic acid ester and 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether) containing chlorine and ANM (copolymer of acrylic acid ester and acrylonitrile) without chloride. "New" types do not contain chlorine and are less prone to mold-related staining.
Modacrylic is a modified acrylic fiber that contains at least 35% and at most 85% acrylonitrile. Vinylidene chloride or vinyl bromide used in modacrylic give the fiber flame retardant properties. End-uses of modacrylic include faux fur, wigs, hair extensions, and protective clothing.