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Sheep and goats are both small ruminants with cosmopolitan distributions due to their being kept historically and in modern times as grazers both individually and in herds in return for their production of milk, wool, and meat. [1] As such, the diseases of these animals are of great economic importance to humans.
Mange (/ ˈ m eɪ n dʒ /) is a type of skin disease caused by parasitic mites. [1] Because various species of mites also infect plants, birds and reptiles, the term "mange", or colloquially "the mange", suggesting poor condition of the skin and fur due to the infection, is sometimes reserved for pathological mite-infestation of nonhuman mammals.
Psoroptes mites are responsible for causing psoroptic mange in various animals, leading to economic losses among farmers of cattle, sheep and goats. [1] It is also known as sheep scab and cattle scab. [1] The disease is highly infectious, and is transmitted via fenceposts and other structures that livestock use when scratching themselves. [1]
Infestation by mites usually causes skin diseases known as mange, scab, demodecosis, or in general as acariasis. The causation, economic impact, and control of these diseases in livestock are described in this article. Mites that cause disease in honey bees are described in Varroa destructor. Adult poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae
Mud fever is caused by an infection of the skin by bacteria, including Dermatophilus congolensis, and often Staphylococcus spp. Dermatophytes (fungal organisms such as Malassezia or Trichophyton) can also contribute, as can chorioptic mange mites. Photosensitivity or irritant contact may contribute in certain cases.
Doramectin, sold under the brand name Dectomax among others, is a veterinary medication approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of parasites such as gastrointestinal roundworms, lungworms, eyeworms, grubs, sucking lice, and mange mites in cattle. [1] [2] It is available as a generic medication. [3]