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For example, the Platonist philosopher Apuleius, writing in the late 2nd century, identified Ceres (Demeter) with Isis, having her declare: I, mother of the universe, mistress of all the elements, first-born of the ages, highest of the gods, queen of the shades, first of those who dwell in heaven, representing in one shape all gods and goddesses.
Kore and Despoina were known together with their mother Demeter as Despoinai, "the Mistresses", or Megalai Theai, "Great Goddesses". [6] Sometimes Demeter's daughters are conflated by ancient and modern writers; [7] however, Arcadian cults infer that there was a clear a differentiation. Pausanias, for example, explains:
Demeter is the ancient Greek goddess of agriculture, harvest, crops, grains, fertility and food. She is a member of the Twelve Olympians. Subcategories.
Fragment of a Hellenistic relief (1st century BC–1st century AD) depicting the twelve Olympians carrying their attributes in procession; from left to right: Hestia (scepter), Hermes (winged cap and staff), Aphrodite (veiled), Ares (helmet and spear), Demeter (scepter and wheat sheaf), Hephaestus (staff), Hera (scepter), Poseidon (trident), Athena (owl and helmet), Zeus (thunderbolt and staff ...
The votive relief to Isis-Demeter is a Hellenistic marble sculpture discovered in the archaeological site of Dion in Macedonia, Greece. Made during the late third or early second century BC, it depicts the Egyptian goddess Isis with syncretic features of Demeter , the Greek goddess of agriculture and fertility.
The oldest type of figurine given this label is the Priene type, so named because of examples found at the Sanctuary of Demeter and Kore at Priene. These date from the third to second century BCE and depict the naked lower part of a female body with a face where the abdomen should be, with the curve of the chin merging into the vulva .
As a matron Demeter carries a queen-like presence and is one of the main objects of attention in the pantheon. [1] [6] The description from what Pausanias gathered indicated that Demeter would have held a torch in right hand and her left laying on the Despoina statue, both of whom would share a throne and a footstool made out of a block of marble.
Although usually Demeter was the mother, by Zeus, of the underworld-goddess Persephone, according to the mythographer Apollodorus, it was Styx. [7] However, when Apollodorus relates the famous story of the abduction of Persephone, and the search for her by her angry and distraught mother, as usual, it is Demeter who conducts the search. [8]