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Italian Somaliland (Italian: Somalia Italiana; Arabic: الصومال الإيطالي, romanized: Al-Sumal Al-Italiy; Somali: Dhulka Soomaalida ee Talyaaniga) was a protectorate and later colony of the Kingdom of Italy in present-day Somalia, which was ruled in the 19th century by the Sultanate of Hobyo and Majeerteen in the north, and in the south by the political entities; Hiraab Imamate ...
In Africa, the colonial empire included the territories of present-day Libya, Eritrea, Somalia and Ethiopia (the last three being officially named "Africa Orientale Italiana", AOI); outside Africa, Italy possessed the Dodecanese Islands (following the Italo-Turkish War), Albania (1917–1920 and 1939–1943) [3] and also had some concessions in ...
In 1892, the Italian explorer Luigi Robecchi Bricchetti for the first time labeled as Somalia the region in the Horn of Africa referred to as Benadir.The area was at the time under the joint control of the Somali Geledi Sultanate (who, also holding sway over the Shebelle region in the interior, was at the height of its power) and the Omani Sultan of Zanzibar.
After more treaties, Italy gained control of the ports of the Benadir coastal area from the Sultanate of Zanzibar and its Sultan, [11] [12] and over the following decades, Italian power over the settlement was strengthened and, in 1905, Italy assumed the responsibility of colonizing parts in southern Somalia.
Italian East Africa (Italian: Africa Orientale Italiana, AOI) [3] was an Italian colony in the Horn of Africa.It was formed in 1936 after the Second Italo-Ethiopian War through the merger of Italian Somaliland, Italian Eritrea, and the newly subjugated Ethiopian Empire.
According to Anthropologists, the ancestors of the Somali people arrived in the region during the ensuing Neolithic period. [16] [17] The Laas Geel cave complex on the outskirts of Hargeisa in northwestern Somalia has rock art which dates back around 5,000 years and has depicting both wild animals and decorated cows. [18]
During the East African Campaign of WWII, the protectorate was occupied by Italy in August 1940, but recaptured by the British in summer 1941. Some Italian guerrilla fighting (Amedeo Guillet) lasted until 1942. The conquest of British Somaliland was Italy's only victory (without the cooperation of German troops) in WWII against the Allies.
The Trust Territory of Somaliland, officially the Trust Territory of Somaliland under Italian Administration [1] (Italian: Amministrazione fiduciaria italiana della Somalia), was a United Nations Trust Territory from 1950 to 1960, following the dissolution of the former British Military Administration.