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The deadliest hurricane to make landfall on the continental United States was the Galveston Hurricane in 1900, which may have killed up to 12,000 people. [55] The most damaging hurricanes were Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Harvey of the 2005 and 2017 seasons, respectively; both caused $125 billion in damages in their respective years. [56]
Depending on its location and strength, a tropical cyclone is called a hurricane (/ ˈ h ʌr ɪ k ən,-k eɪ n /), typhoon (/ t aɪ ˈ f uː n /), tropical storm, cyclonic storm, tropical depression, or simply cyclone. A hurricane is a strong tropical cyclone that occurs in the Atlantic Ocean or northeastern Pacific Ocean.
Even so, subtropical or tropical cyclogenesis is possible at any time of the year, and often does occur. [2] Worldwide, a season's climatological peak activity takes place in late summer, when the difference between air temperature and sea surface temperatures is the greatest. Peak activity in an Atlantic hurricane season happens from late ...
• Hurricanes occur regularly in every basin except the South Atlantic and southeast Pacific, where wind shear, or winds that vary in strength or direction with altitude and disrupt tropical ...
how do hurricanes form? Hurricanes need two main ingredients — warm ocean water and moist, humid air. When warm seawater evaporates, its heat energy is transferred to the atmosphere.
Depth of 26 °C isotherm on October 1, 2006. There are six main requirements for tropical cyclogenesis: sufficiently warm sea surface temperatures, atmospheric instability, high humidity in the lower to middle levels of the troposphere, enough Coriolis force to sustain a low-pressure center, a preexisting low-level focus or disturbance, and low vertical wind shear. [3]
The water warms as it crosses the world’s biggest ocean, which is why typhoons — the name for a hurricane in the western Pacific — occur in the western Pacific but not in the eastern pacific.
The hurricane season runs between May 15 and November 30 each year, and encompasses the vast majority of tropical cyclone activity in the region. [12] In the 1971–2005 period, there were an average of 15–16 tropical storms, 9 hurricanes, and 4–5 major hurricanes (storms of Category 3 intensity or greater) annually in the basin. [12]