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Copts (Coptic: ⲛⲓⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ, romanized: niremənkhēmi; Arabic: الْقِبْط, romanized: al-qibṭ) are a Christian ethnoreligious group native to Northeast Africa [17] who have primarily inhabited the area of modern Egypt and Sudan, [18] and predominantly follow the Coptic Orthodox Church in Alexandria.
Over the centuries, many Coptic historians recorded the history of the Copts and that of the Coptic Church. The most prominent of these Coptic historians are: John of Nikiu (fl. 680-690), bishop and historian; Severus Ibn al-Muqaffa (died 987), bishop, theologian, and historian; first compiler of the History of the Patriarchs of Alexandria
Copts viewed their Church as one with direct doctrinal continuity with such Egyptian patristic giants as Athanasius of Alexandria and Cyril of Alexandria, both of whom were Popes of the Church of Alexandria, and whose theology was the foundation of worldwide orthodox Christian belief. [59] As the Copts always remember, the first time that a ...
While Copts have cited instances of persecution throughout their history, Human Rights Watch has noted growing religious intolerance and sectarian violence against Coptic Christians in recent years, and a failure by the Egyptian government to effectively investigate properly and prosecute those responsible.
The Copts are descended from the pharaonic inhabitants of Egypt. Most ethnic Copts belongs to the Coptic Orthodox Church. Copts number between 10-15 percent of the Egyptian population [4] of 104 million [5] The Copts and Egyptian Muslims have many similarities in their identity, as they have lived amongst one another for centuries. [6]
During the high Middle Ages, trade routes connected Egypt with the Near East and many Coptic merchants ended up settling there. By the start of the 13th century, the Coptic Church had come to possess an altar adjacent to the Holy Sepulcher, the Monastery of Deir el-Sultan in Jerusalem, and a few churches in Jerusalem, Gaza, and Damascus.
The Coptic Catholic Church does not have Coptic monasteries. Instead the Church has religious congregations such as the three communities for women: the Sisters of the Sacred Heart , the Coptic Sisters of Jesus and Mary (both based in Egypt ) and the Egyptian Province of the Little Sisters of Jesus .
This list of Copts includes notable Copts figures who are notable in their areas of expertise. For saints, please refer to List of Coptic saints . Part of a series on the