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The liquid water content (LWC) is the measure of the mass of the water in a cloud in a specified amount of dry air. It is typically measured per volume of air (g/m 3 ) or mass of air (g/kg) (Bohren, 1998).
In physics and engineering, in particular fluid dynamics, the volumetric flow rate (also known as volume flow rate, or volume velocity) is the volume of fluid which passes per unit time; usually it is represented by the symbol Q (sometimes ˙). It contrasts with mass flow rate, which is the other main type of fluid flow rate.
Mass flow rate is defined by the limit [3] [4] ˙ = =, i.e., the flow of mass through a surface per time .. The overdot on ˙ is Newton's notation for a time derivative.Since mass is a scalar quantity, the mass flow rate (the time derivative of mass) is also a scalar quantity.
The dew point temperature equals the air temperature when the air is saturated with water; in all other cases the dew point will be less than the air temperature. [ 5 ] : 129 In technical terms, the dew point is the temperature at which the water vapor in a sample of air at constant barometric pressure condenses into liquid water at the same ...
An air mass originating over northern Siberia in winter may be indicated as "cA". [3] The stability of an air mass may be shown using a third letter, either "k" (air mass colder than the surface below it) or "w" (air mass warmer than the surface below it). [3] An example of this might be a polar air mass blowing over the Gulf Stream, denoted as ...
Flux F through a surface, dS is the differential vector area element, n is the unit normal to the surface. Left: No flux passes in the surface, the maximum amount flows normal to the surface.
In a nozzle or other constriction, the discharge coefficient (also known as coefficient of discharge or efflux coefficient) is the ratio of the actual discharge to the ideal discharge, [1] i.e., the ratio of the mass flow rate at the discharge end of the nozzle to that of an ideal nozzle which expands an identical working fluid from the same initial conditions to the same exit pressures.
Mass flow rate being the mass of fluid which passes through the cross-section per unit of time. Where G = mass flow rate, g = gas, l = liquid and s = solid. Volumetric flow rate = + + The Volumetric flow rate, defined as the volume of fluid passing through a cross sectional area per unit of time: Mass fraction