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A mass (air) flow sensor (MAF) is a sensor used to determine the mass flow rate of air entering a fuel-injected internal combustion engine. The air mass information is necessary for the engine control unit (ECU) to balance and deliver the correct fuel mass to the engine. Air changes its density with temperature and pressure.
The Ford EEC (Electronic Engine Control) system, which utilized the Toshiba TLCS-12 microprocessor, went into mass production in 1975. [ 7 ] The first Bosch engine management system was the Motronic 1.0 , which was introduced in the 1979 BMW 7 Series (E23) [ 8 ] This system was based on the existing Bosch Jetronic fuel injection system, to ...
MAP sensor data can be converted to air mass data by using a second variable coming from an IAT Sensor (intake air temperature sensor). This is called the speed-density method. Engine speed (RPM) is also used to determine where on a look up table to determine fuelling, hence speed-density (engine speed / air density).
An air flow meter is a device similar to an anemometer that measures air flow, i.e. how much air is flowing through a tube. It does not measure the volume of the air passing through the tube, it measures the mass of air flowing through the device per unit time, though Thus air flow meters are simply an application of mass flow meters for the ...
Intake air temperature -40 215 °C 10: 16: 2 Mass air flow sensor (MAF) air flow rate 0 655.35 g/s + 11: 17: 1 Throttle position 0 100 % 12: 18: 1 Commanded secondary air status Bit encoded. See below: 13: 19: 1 Oxygen sensors present (in 2 banks)
Many such mass flow sensors use a heated element and a downstream temperature sensor to indicate the air flowrate. Other sensors use a spring-loaded vane. Other sensors use a spring-loaded vane. In either case, the vehicle's electronic control unit interprets the sensor signals as a real-time indication of an engine's fuel requirement.