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The main classes of Docker objects are images, containers, and services. [22] A Docker container is a standardized, encapsulated environment that runs applications. [25] A container is managed using the Docker API or CLI. [22] A Docker image is a read-only template used to build containers. Images are used to store and ship applications.
The image-spec is a software shipping container image format spec (OCI Image Format) that reached version 1.0.0 on July 19, 2017. [ 12 ] The OCI Distribution Spec Project defines the distribution-spec, an API protocol to facilitate and standardize the distribution of content.
In software engineering, containerization is operating-system–level virtualization or application-level virtualization over multiple network resources so that software applications can run in isolated user spaces called containers in any cloud or non-cloud environment, regardless of type or vendor. [1]
OS-level virtualization is an operating system (OS) virtualization paradigm in which the kernel allows the existence of multiple isolated user space instances, including containers (LXC, Solaris Containers, AIX WPARs, HP-UX SRP Containers, Docker, Podman), zones (Solaris Containers), virtual private servers (), partitions, virtual environments (VEs), virtual kernels (DragonFly BSD), and jails ...
Singularity is a free and open-source computer program that performs operating-system-level virtualization also known as containerization. [4]One of the main uses of Singularity is to bring containers and reproducibility to scientific computing and the high-performance computing (HPC) world.
Docker uses file systems inspired by Unionfs, such as Aufs, to layer Docker images. As actions are done to a base image, layers are created and documented, such that each layer fully describes how to recreate an action. This strategy enables Docker's lightweight images, as only layer updates need to be propagated (compared to full VMs, for ...
In principle, coding can be changed while the storage layer is retained; for example, Multiple-image Network Graphics (MNG) uses the PNG container format but provides animation, while JPEG Network Graphics (JNG) puts JPEG encoded data in a PNG container; in both cases however, the different formats have different magic numbers – the format ...
Container Linux provides no package manager as a way for distributing payload applications, requiring instead all applications to run inside their containers. Serving as a single control host, a Container Linux instance uses the underlying operating-system-level virtualization features of the Linux kernel to create and configure multiple containers that perform as isolated Linux systems.