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A lot of different things can cause a cough. But coughs are usually broken down into two main categories: acute and chronic. ... Certain medications, like ACE inhibitors. Obstructive sleep apnea.
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) are a class of medication used primarily for the treatment of high blood pressure and heart failure. [1] [2] This class of medicine works by causing relaxation of blood vessels as well as a decrease in blood volume, which leads to lower blood pressure and decreased oxygen demand from the heart.
Inhibition of ACE with ACE inhibitors leads to decreased conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II (a vasoconstrictor) but also to an increase in bradykinin due to decreased degradation. This explains why some patients taking ACE inhibitors develop a dry cough, and some react with angioedema, a dangerous swelling of the head and neck region.
Common side effects include headache, tiredness, feeling lightheaded with standing, and cough. [5] Serious side effects include angioedema and low blood pressure. [5] Use during pregnancy is believed to result in harm to the baby. [5] It is in the angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitor family of medications. [5]
Angiotensin II receptor blockers are used primarily for the treatment of hypertension where the patient is intolerant of ACE inhibitor therapy primarily because of persistent and/or dry cough. [6] [7] They do not inhibit the breakdown of bradykinin or other kinins, and are thus only rarely associated with the persistent dry cough and/or ...
Common side effects include headaches, dizziness, fatigue, and cough. [1] Serious side effects may include liver problems, angioedema, kidney problems, and high blood potassium. [1] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended. [5] It is an ACE inhibitor and works by decreasing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity. [1]
The cardioprotective effects of ACE inhibitors are mediated through a combination of angiotensin II inhibition and bradykinin proliferation. [8] [9] Increased levels of bradykinin stimulate in the production of prostaglandin E 2 [10] and nitric oxide, [9] which cause vasodilation and continue to exert antiproliferative effects. [8]
2. ACE inhibitors (benazepril, enalapril etc) ACE inhibitors reduce blood pressure by widening blood vessels, which makes it easier for the heart to pump. 3. Diuretics (furosemide, spironolactone etc)