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A silver object that is to be sold commercially is, in most countries, stamped with one or more silver hallmarks indicating the purity of the silver, the mark of the manufacturer or silversmith, and other (optional) markings to indicate the date of manufacture and additional information about the piece.
There were silver 1 ⁄ 2, 1, 2, 4 and 8 reales, and gold 1 ⁄ 2, 1, 2, 4 and 8 escudos, with silver 1 ⁄ 4 reales added in 1842. Copper coins for 1 ⁄ 16 , 1 ⁄ 8 and 1 ⁄ 4 real were issued both by the Federal government at the Mexico City mint and by the state governments at various mints around the country.
Most Mexican silver work today is updated designs, a trend that dates from the work of William Spratling in Taxco, making Mexico again a center of export for finished pieces. [23] The tradition continues here, with some schools that teach the trade but most smiths learn through a term of apprenticeship, often as a part of the family business ...
A set of hallmarks on an English silver spoon. From left to right, the maker's mark of George Unite, the date letter (1889), the Birmingham Assay Office mark, the lion passant and the monarch's head tax-mark. In 1355, individual maker marks were introduced in France.
The Libertad coins are silver and gold bullion coins originating from Mexico and minted by the Casa de Moneda de México (Mexican Mint). The Mexican Mint was established in 1535 and is the oldest mint in the Americas. The modern coins contain 99.9% silver or gold (.999 fineness) and are available in various sizes. Both metal coins have ...
Most issued silver coins in denominations of 1 ⁄ 4, 1 ⁄ 2, 1, 2, 4 and 8 reales and gold coins for 1 ⁄ 2, 1, 2, 4 and 8 escudos. Exceptions were the Santo Domingo mint, which did strike maravedíes in the sixteenth century and the Caracas mint which issued fraction of real copper coins in the early nineteenth century to facilitate commerce.
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The mint letters continued until 1898 (briefly revived in 1914 and from 1942 to 1958) and the mint-masters marks, supplemented by the mark of the Chief Engraver, are still used. [ 10 ] Some Medieval English coins used mint names . [ 11 ]