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Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a gonadotropin, a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone. [1] FSH is synthesized and secreted by the gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland [ 2 ] and regulates the development, growth, pubertal maturation , and reproductive processes of the body.
Figure 2. Follicular phase diagram of hormones and their origins. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland (Figure 2). FSH secretion begins to rise in the last few days of the previous menstrual cycle, [3] and is the highest and most important during the first week of the follicular phase [4] (Figure 1).
More specifically, the released FSH acts on ovarian granulosa and testicular Sertoli cells, while LH acts on ovarian theca and testicular Leydig cells. [9] [10] The release of these hormones are directly signaled by the pulsing secretion of GnRH. For example, the low frequency GnRH pulses lead to the release of FSH and the high-frequency of ...
The anterior portion of the pituitary gland produces luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and the gonads produce estrogen and testosterone. In oviparous organisms (e.g. fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds), the HPG axis is commonly referred to as the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal-liver axis (HPGL-axis) in females ...
Prolactin and insulin-like growth factor binding protein are two examples of the hormones and growth factors that relaxin can stimulate the secretion of. [21] Preprorelaxin is the collective term for the signal peptide , B chain, C peptide, and A chain found in the coding area of human relaxin genes. [ 22 ]
The sex steroid production begins with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary, stimulating granulosa cells to convert androgens (coming from the thecal cells) to estradiol by aromatase during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. [1]
anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), secreted during the early stages of fetal life; inhibin and activins, secreted after puberty, work together to regulate FSH secretion; androgen-binding protein (also called testosterone-binding globulin) increases testosterone concentration in the seminiferous tubules to lightly stimulate spermatogenesis
FSH stimulates the secretion of inhibin from the granulosa cells of the ovarian follicles in the ovaries. In turn, inhibin suppresses FSH. Inhibin B reaches a peak in the early- to mid-follicular phase, and a second peak at ovulation. Inhibin A reaches its peak in the mid-luteal phase.