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The Marco Polo Bridge incident, also known as the Lugou Bridge incident [a] or the July 7 incident, [b] was a battle during July 1937 in the district of Beijing between the 29th Army of the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China and the Imperial Japanese Army.
The Marco Polo Bridge is well known because it was highly praised by the Venetian traveler Marco Polo during his visit to China in the 13th century (leading the bridge to become known in Europe simply as the Marco Polo Bridge), and for the 20th-century Marco Polo Bridge Incident, which marked the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937 ...
The Imperial General Headquarters (GHQ) in Tokyo, content with the gains acquired in northern China following the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, initially showed reluctance to escalate the conflict into a full-scale war. Following the shooting of two Japanese officers who were attempting to enter the Hongqiao military airport on 9 August 1937, the ...
Marco Polo Bridge Incident July 1937; Beiping-Tianjin July 1937; Chahar August 1937; Battle of Shanghai August 1937; Beiping–Hankou Railway Operation August 1937; Tianjin–Pukou Railway Operation August 1937; Taiyuan September 1937 Battle of Pingxingguan September 1937; Battle of Xinkou September 1937; Battle of Nanjing December 1937
The Second Sino-Japanese War began on 7 July 1937 with the Marco Polo Bridge incident in the Republic of China and is often regarded as the start of World War II as full-scale warfare erupted with the Battle of Shanghai, [1] and ending when the Empire of Japan surrendered to the Allies in August 1945. [2]
The Second Sino-Japanese War was a military conflict fought primarily between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan from 7 July 1937 to 9 September 1945. It began with the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in 1937 in which a dispute between Japanese and Chinese troops escalated into a battle. The conflict then escalated further into a full ...
The full text is divided into 18 chapters. This volume recounts the first five years of the Second Sino-Japanese War starting with the Marco Polo Bridge Incident up until just before the Battle of the Coral Sea.
These conflicts finally escalated in July 1937, when the Marco Polo Bridge Incident triggered the full advance from Japan. [25] Shanghai was China's largest and most cosmopolitan city, with it being the world's fifth largest city at the time.