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Spinal fusion, also called spondylodesis or spondylosyndesis, is a surgery performed by orthopaedic surgeons or neurosurgeons that joins two or more vertebrae. [1] This procedure can be performed at any level in the spine (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, or sacral) and prevents any movement between the fused vertebrae.
Anterior fusion: This surgical approach is through an incision at the side of the chest wall. Posterior fusion: This surgical approach is through an incision on the back and involves the use of metal instrumentation to correct the curve. One or both of these surgical procedures may be needed.
Another type of arthroplasty that is becoming an alternate choice to spinal fusion is Total Disc Replacement. Total disc replacement objective is to reduce pain or eradicate it. [18] Spinal fusion is commonly used to correct spinal deformities such as scoliosis. Arthrodesis is the last resort in pain relieving procedures, usually when ...
Implants that aim to delay spinal fusion and to allow more spinal growth in young children is the gold standard for surgical treatment of early onset scoliosis. Surgery without fusion can be divided into three principles: distraction of the entire spine, compression of the short segment of spine, and guided-growth techniques.
With spinal fusion, the recovery time may be longer. In some cases after laminectomy and spinal fusion, it may take several months to return to normal activities. [1] Potential complications include bleeding, infection, blood clots, nerve injury, and spinal fluid leak. [1]
It involves fusion of two or more levels utilizing screws, rods, and an interbody graft. It has a theoretical advantage over instrumented posterolateral fusion (iPLF) in that it provides better support for the vertebra along with several potential neurological benefits, but as of 2011 evidence demonstrating actual improved clinical outcomes was ...
Bertolotti's syndrome is characterized by sacralization of the lowest lumbar vertebral body and lumbarization of the uppermost sacral segment. It involves a total or partial unilateral or bilateral fusion of the transverse process of the lowest lumbar vertebra to the sacrum, leading to the formation of a transitional 5th lumbar vertebra.
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a disorder in which the spine starts abnormally curving sideways between the ages of 10–18 years old. [1] [2] [3] Generally, AIS occurs during the growth spurt associated with adolescence.