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Cropping is the removal of unwanted outer areas from a photographic or illustrated image. The process usually consists of the removal of some of the peripheral areas of an image to remove extraneous visual data from the picture, improve its framing, change the aspect ratio, or accentuate or isolate the subject matter from its background.
Common aspect ratios used in film and display images. The common film aspect ratios used in cinemas are 1.85:1 and 2.40:1. [1] Two common videographic aspect ratios are 4:3 (1. 3:1), [a] the universal video format of the 20th century, and 16:9 (1. 7:1), universal for high-definition television and European digital television.
Pan and scan is a film editing methodology of adjusting widescreen film images, rendering them compatible for broadcast on 4:3 aspect ratio television screens. It primarily involves cropping the sides of the original widescreen image to focus on the composition's most important aspects.
Aspect ratio measures the relationship between the width and height of a display screen, sensor, or image.
14:9 (1. 5:1) is a compromise aspect ratio between 4:3 and 16:9. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is used to create an acceptable picture on both 4:3 and 16:9 TV, conceived following audience tests conducted by the BBC .
The aspect ratio determines how the image is scaled and stretched or cropped to fit the screen. The most common aspect ratios for graphics displays are 4:3, 16:10 (equal to 8:5), 16:9, and "21:9". The aspect ratio also affects the perceived size of objects on the screen. [5]