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Internal control, as defined by accounting and auditing, is a process for assuring of an organization's objectives in operational effectiveness and efficiency, reliable financial reporting, and compliance with laws, regulations and policies. A broad concept, internal control involves everything that controls risks to an organization.
Internal auditors play an important role in assessing the effectiveness of control systems. As an independent function that informs senior management, internal audit can evaluate the internal control systems implemented by the organization and contribute to continued effectiveness. As such, internal auditing often plays an important "monitoring ...
The Certified Internal Auditor (CIA) [9] is the primary professional designation offered by The IIA. The CIA certification is a globally recognized designation by which internal auditors demonstrate their competency and professionalism in the internal audit field.
It relies upon the COSO's integrated framework for internal control (as stated in the preface), and uses the COSO's definition of Internal Control and IIA's definition of Internal Audit. Guidelines on Best Practice for the Audit of Privatizations, (1998) Guidance for Planning an Audit of Internal Controls for Public Debt, (2002)
Internal auditing is an independent, objective assurance and consulting activity designed to add value and improve an organization's operations. It helps an organization accomplish its objectives by bringing a systematic, disciplined approach to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of risk management, control and governance processes. [1]
The Institute of Internal Auditors based its control self-assessment methodology on the Total Quality Management approaches of the 1990s as well as the COSO's framework. The methodology became part of the International Standards for Professional Practice of Internal Auditing and was adopted by a large number of major organisations. [16]
Risk management, internal control, and accounting estimates and judgments were the top priority areas for 2007. 41% were "very satisfied" with the internal audit function, while 52% were "somewhat satisfied." Two-thirds felt the chief internal audit position was for a professional internal auditor, rather than as a "stepping stone" to other roles.
The standards cover various areas of auditing, including respective responsibilities, audit planning, Internal Control, audit evidence, using the work of other experts, audit conclusions and audit reports, and standards for specialized areas.