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Furosemide, sold under the brand name Lasix among others, is a loop diuretic medication used to treat edema due to heart failure, liver scarring, or kidney disease. [4] Furosemide may also be used for the treatment of high blood pressure . [ 4 ]
Enoxaparin is listed as Pregnancy Category B, meaning animal studies have failed to show harmful effects to the fetus and therefore are safe to use in pregnant women. [ 37 ] [ 39 ] However, pregnant women taking LMWH may not experience the full anticoagulant effect due to the nature of the medication compared to other anticoagulants (i.e ...
Contraindicated in pregnancy: Studies in animals or humans have demonstrated fetal abnormalities and/or there is positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from investigational or marketing experience, and the risks involved in use of the drug in pregnant women clearly outweigh potential benefits.
Bumetanide is a loop diuretic and works by decreasing the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys. The main difference between bumetanide and furosemide is in their bioavailability and potency. About 60% of furosemide is absorbed in the intestine, and there are substantial inter- and intraindividual differences in bioavailability (range 10-90%).
This lowers blood pressure and prevents excess fluid accumulation in heart failure. Metolazone is sometimes used together with loop diuretics such as furosemide or bumetanide, but these highly effective combinations can lead to dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities. It was patented in 1966 and approved for medical use in 1974. [1]
[176] [177] On the opposite end of the spectrum, spironolactone is useful in reversing licorice-induced hypokalemia. [ 179 ] [ 180 ] Aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been found to attenuate the diuresis and natriuresis induced by spironolactone, but, not to affect its antihypertensive effect.
Thiazide diuretics inhibit this receptor, causing the body to release NaCl and water into the lumen, thereby increasing the amount of urine produced each day. [6] An example of a molecule that is chemically a thiazide but not used as a diuretic is methylchloroisothiazolinone , often found as an antimicrobial in cosmetics.
[6] It is pregnancy category D in Australia, meaning that it may cause harm when taken during pregnancy. [6] [12] If used during breastfeeding it may result in drowsiness in the baby. [13] Phenobarbital works by increasing the activity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. [6]