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Though all areas of Appalachia face the challenges of rural poverty, some elements (particularly those relating to industry and natural resource extraction) are unique to each subregion. Central Appalachians, for example, experience the most severe poverty , which is partially due to the area's isolation from urban growth centers. [ 3 ]
In 2010, a study showed that the 1965 Act reduced Appalachian poverty between 1960 and 2000 by 4.2 percentage points relative to border counties, or about 10 percent on the baseline 1960 poverty rate, and real per capita incomes grew about 4 percent faster. [10]
The Area Redevelopment Administration was a rural poverty alleviation program of the Kennedy administration, primarily in Appalachia. It targeted 852 localities for redevelopment and provided assistance to an additional 106 communities with significant unemployment.
In the five-year period from 2017 to 2021, the poverty rate in Appalachian Kentucky was 23.1% — still higher than many places but considerably closer to the U.S. level of 12.6% than in the 1960s.
In Appalachia, severe poverty and desolation were paired with the necessity for careful cultural sensitivity. Many Appalachian people feared that the birth of a new modernized Appalachia would lead to the death of their traditional values and heritage.
The book, which reflects on the circumstances of Vance’s family and the community in which he grew up, sparked discussions about the complexities of poverty in Appalachia and Rust Belt communities.
The 3-year average unemployment rate for the Appalachian region in 2006-2008 was 5.2%. The region's per capita market income in 2007 was $24,360. The region's poverty rate was 13.6%. [1] Alabama's Appalachian counties led all states' Appalachian counties in unemployment (3.8%) and per capita market income ($27,723).
OpEd: This month marks the 60th anniversary of the “War on Poverty,” when President Johnson traveled to Inez, Ky. to make the case that the dire economic conditions faced too many Americans.