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Herod I [2] [a] or Herod the Great (c. 72 – c. 4 BCE) was a Roman Jewish client king of the Herodian kingdom of Judea. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] He is known for his colossal building projects throughout Judea .
Herod Antipas (Greek: Ἡρῴδης Ἀντίπας, Hērṓidēs Antípas; c. 20 BC – c. 39 AD) was a 1st-century ruler of Galilee and Perea.He bore the title of tetrarch ("ruler of a quarter") and is referred to as both "Herod the Tetrarch" [1] and "King Herod" [2] in the New Testament. [3]
King Agrippa I (41–44) King Herod of Chalcis (41–48) King Agrippa II (53–100). In 66 CE, the great revolt began against Rome, resulting in the Zealot Temple Siege and culminating in the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem in 70 CE, the abolition of the High Priesthood, and the final defeat at Massada in 73 CE.
The Massacre (or Slaughter) of the Innocents is a story recounted in the Nativity narrative of the Gospel of Matthew (2:16–18) in which Herod the Great, king of Judea, orders the execution of all male children who are two years old and under in the vicinity of Bethlehem. [2]
Despite his announcement as king of the whole of Judea, Herod did not fully conquer it until 37 BCE. [9] He subsequently ruled the Herodian kingdom as a vassal king for 34 years, crushing the opposition while also initiating huge building projects, including the harbor at Caesarea Maritima , the plaza surrounded by retaining walls at the Temple ...
Herod died in 4 BCE, and his kingdom was divided among his three sons, none of them inherited his title of king . Herod Archelaus assumed the title of ethnarch and ruled Judea, Samaria and Idumea so badly that he was dismissed in 6 CE by the Roman emperor Augustus, who appointed Quirinius to exercise direct Roman rule after an appeal from Herod ...
Herod II or Herod Philip I (c. 27 BC–33 AD), father of the Salome in Mark 6:21-29, did not rule over any territory; Herod Agrippa (born c. 11 BC, ruled AD 41–44), client king of Judaea, called "King Herod" or "Herod" in Acts 12 of the New Testament; Herod of Chalcis (died AD 48), also known as Herod II or Herod V, king of Chalcis (r. AD 41 ...
In its last phase it was enhanced by Herod the Great, the result being later called Herod's Temple. Defining the Second Temple period , it stood as a pivotal symbol of Jewish identity and was central to Second Temple Judaism ; it was the chief place of worship, ritual sacrifice ( korban ), and communal gathering for Jews .