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Hypodermic needles are normally made from a stainless-steel or Niobium tube [17] through a process known as tube drawing where the tube is drawn through progressively smaller dies to make the needle. The end of the needle is bevelled to create a sharp pointed tip, letting the needle easily penetrate the skin.
It is designed with a luer-lock device to accept a sterile hypodermic needle or to be linked directly to intravenous tubing line. The product can deliver an intravenous or intramuscular injection by means of a holder which attaches to the barrel and plunger to the barrel plug. Medication is prefilled into the syringe barrel.
Illustration of Rynd's hypodermic needle shown at F of Fig. 1. In a 12 March 1845 article in the Dublin Medical Press, Rynd outlined how he had injected painkillers into a patient with a hypodermic syringe in on 3 June 1844: [6] [7]
In 1853, he invented the first hypodermic needle that used a true syringe and hollow needle. [8] Wood referred to his invention as "subcutaneous" rather than "hypodermic". The term "hypodermic" was actually coined by the English doctor Charles Hunter , whose developments of Wood's invention and research into the method of administering pain ...
In 1853, wanting to inject iron perchloride coagulant into an aneurysm, Pravaz adapted Rynd's needle, [3] rather than using the usual suction tube. Measuring 3 cm (1.18 in) long and 5 mm (0.2 in) in diameter, his syringe was entirely in silver, [ 2 ] made by Établissements Charrière , and operated by a screw (rather than the plunger familiar ...
Since spent autoinjectors contain a hypodermic needle, they pose a potential biohazard to waste management workers. Hence the protective cap is designed not only to protect the drug and keep the needle sterile but also to provide adequate sharps waste confinement after disposal. [citation needed]
The hypodermic needle model (known as the hypodermic-syringe model, transmission-belt model, or magic bullet theory) is claimed to have been a model of communication in which media consumers were "uniformly controlled by their biologically based 'instincts' and that they react more or less uniformly to whatever 'stimuli' came along".
Hypodermic needles are available in a wide variety of outer diameters described by gauge numbers. Smaller gauge numbers indicate larger outer diameters. [5] Inner diameter depends on both gauge and wall thickness. The following chart shows nominal inner diameter and wall thickness for regular-wall needles.