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Thus dizziness can be caused by a variety of problems and may reflect a focal process (such as one affecting balance or coordination) or a diffuse one (such as a toxic exposure or low perfusion state). [8] Common causes of dizziness include: Inadequate blood supply to the brain due to: A sudden fall in blood pressure [7]
Damage to the limbic system involves loss or damage to memory, and may include: [citation needed] loss or confusion of long-term memory prior to focal neuropathy (retrograde amnesia) inability to form new memories (anterograde amnesia) loss of, or reduced emotions ; loss of olfactory functions; loss of decision-making ability
Balance is the result of several body systems working together: the visual system (eyes), vestibular system (ears) and proprioception (the body's sense of where it is in space). Degeneration or loss of function in any of these systems can lead to balance deficits. [1]
Keeping a sense of balance requires the brain to process a variety of information received from the eyes, the nervous system, and the inner ears. If the brain is unable to process these signals, such as when the messages are contradictory, or if the sensory systems are improperly functioning, an individual may experience lightheadedness or ...
PRES usually has an acute onset. Most people with PRES experience headaches and seizures; many also experience visual changes, confusion, drowsiness, weakness of the arm and/or leg on one side of the body (hemiplegia), difficulty speaking, or, more rarely, other neurological symptoms. Some people with PRES may experience coma. [2]
Hypertensive encephalopathy (HE) is general brain dysfunction due to significantly high blood pressure. [3] Symptoms may include headache, vomiting, trouble with balance, and confusion. [1] Onset is generally sudden. [1] Complications can include seizures, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and bleeding in the back of the eye. [1] [3]
Vertigo that arises from injury to the balance centers of the central nervous system (CNS), often from a lesion in the brainstem or cerebellum, [9] [15] [19] is called "central" vertigo and is generally associated with less prominent movement illusion and nausea than vertigo of peripheral origin. [20]
Korsakoff syndrome (KS) [1] is a disorder of the central nervous system characterized by amnesia, deficits in explicit memory, and confabulation.This neurological disorder is caused by a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B 1) in the brain, and it is typically associated with and exacerbated by the prolonged, excessive ingestion of alcohol. [2]