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P = pressure V = volume n = number of moles R = universal gas constant T = temperature. The ideal gas equation of state can be arranged to give: = / or = / The following partial derivatives are obtained from the above equation of state:
The suffixes P and V refer to constant-pressure and constant-volume conditions respectively. The heat capacity ratio is important for its applications in thermodynamical reversible processes, especially involving ideal gases; the speed of sound depends on this factor.
= (/),, where is not proportional to because depends on pressure. μ i = ( ∂ G / ∂ N i ) T , P {\displaystyle \mu _{i}=\left(\partial G/\partial N_{i}\right)_{T,P}} , where G {\displaystyle G} is proportional to N {\displaystyle N} (as long as the molar ratio composition of the system remains the same) because μ i {\displaystyle \mu _{i ...
Pressure as a function of the height above the sea level. There are two equations for computing pressure as a function of height. The first equation is applicable to the atmospheric layers in which the temperature is assumed to vary with altitude at a non null lapse rate of : = [,, ()] ′, The second equation is applicable to the atmospheric layers in which the temperature is assumed not to ...
For a thermally perfect diatomic gas, the molar specific heat capacity at constant pressure (c p) is 7 / 2 R or 29.1006 J mol −1 deg −1. The molar heat capacity at constant volume (c v) is 5 / 2 R or 20.7862 J mol −1 deg −1. The ratio of the two heat capacities is 1.4. [4] The heat Q required to bring the gas from 300 to 600 K is
In thermodynamics, thermal pressure (also known as the thermal pressure coefficient) is a measure of the relative pressure change of a fluid or a solid as a response to a temperature change at constant volume. The concept is related to the Pressure-Temperature Law, also known as Amontons's law or Gay-Lussac's law. [1]
at each geopotential altitude, where g is the standard acceleration of gravity, and R specific is the specific gas constant for dry air (287.0528J⋅kg −1 ⋅K −1). The solution is given by the barometric formula. Air density must be calculated in order to solve for the pressure, and is used in calculating dynamic pressure for moving vehicles.
where p is the pressure, V is volume, n is the polytropic index, and C is a constant. The polytropic process equation describes expansion and compression processes which include heat transfer. The polytropic process equation describes expansion and compression processes which include heat transfer.