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The intermediate-level courts are the Ohio district courts of appeals. [3] Twelve courts of appeals exist, each retaining jurisdiction over appeals from common pleas, municipal, and county courts in a set geographical area. [4] A case heard in this system is decided by a three-judge panel, and each judge is elected. [4]
The Ohio Courts of Common Pleas are the trial courts of the state court system of Ohio. The courts of common pleas are the trial courts of general jurisdiction in the state. They are the only trial courts created by the Ohio Constitution (in Article IV, Section 1). The duties of the courts are outlined in Article IV, Section 4.
The Thomas J. Moyer Ohio Judicial Center in Columbus, home of the Supreme Court of Ohio. Article IV describes the state's judicial system. The constitution creates three tiers—the Supreme Court of Ohio, the Ohio District Courts of Appeals, and the Ohio Courts of Common Pleas. The legislature can create additional courts as well. [23]
Municipal courts in Ohio are far more limited in scope than the Common Pleas courts. Ohio's municipal and county courts are courts of limited jurisdiction and courts of record. The first municipal court was created in 1910, and county courts were created in 1957 as a replacement for justice courts. In 2014, there were 129 municipal courts and ...
The clerk of courts office keeps records for the common pleas, municipal, appeals and domestic relations courts. The juvenile and probate courts, which have the same judge, have their own clerk.
There are several other levels of elected judiciary in the Ohio court system: State court of claims, which has jurisdiction over all civil actions against the State of Ohio in situations in which the state has waived its sovereign immunity. State courts of appeal (12 district appeals courts): These are the intermediate appellate courts.
The power of the administrative state is related to the concept of a privative clause, which also restricts a courts ability to interpret law. [14] While continental civil law systems tend to constrain administrative power through the notion of Rechtsstaat, or a system or rules, common law jurisdictions tend to rely only judicial oversight. [15]
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