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  2. Limited atonement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limited_atonement

    Limited atonement (also called definite atonement [1] or particular redemption) is a doctrine accepted in some Christian theological traditions. It is particularly associated with the Reformed tradition and is one of the five points of Calvinism .

  3. Five Points of Calvinism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_Points_of_Calvinism

    Limited atonement (also called definite atonement) [12] asserts that Jesus's substitutionary atonement was definite and certain in its purpose and in what it accomplished. This implies that only the sins of the elect were atoned for by Jesus's death. Calvinists do not believe, however, that the atonement is limited in its value or power, but ...

  4. Satisfaction theory of atonement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satisfaction_theory_of...

    One obviously necessary feature of this idea is that Christ's atonement is limited in its effect only to those whom God has chosen to be saved, since the debt for sins was paid at a particular point in time (at the crucifixion). For Calvin, this also required drawing on Augustine's earlier theory of predestination. [23]

  5. Augustinian soteriology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustinian_soteriology

    John Calvin wrote, "Augustine is so much at one with me that, if I wished to write a confession of my faith, it would abundantly satisfy me to quote wholesale from his writings." [113] "This is why one finds that every four pages written in the Institutes of the Christian Religion John Calvin quoted Augustine. Calvin, for this reason, would ...

  6. Reformed Christianity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reformed_Christianity

    Statues of William Farel, John Calvin, Theodore Beza, and John Knox, influential theologians in developing the Reformed faith, at the Reformation Wall in Geneva. Reformed Christianity, [1] also called Calvinism, [a] is a major branch of Protestantism that began during the 16th-century Protestant Reformation.

  7. Hypothetical universalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothetical_universalism

    Hypothetical Universalism is a Reformed Limited Atonement variant doctrine which states that Christ died sufficiently for every person, thus being sent to the whole world as a sacrifice for our sins, however, His death is only efficient for those who are elect, or predestined for salvation. [1]

  8. Penal substitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_substitution

    Penal substitution, also called penal substitutionary atonement and especially in older writings forensic theory, [1] [2] is a theory of the atonement within Protestant Christian theology, which declares that Christ, voluntarily submitting to God the Father's plan, was punished (penalized) in the place of (substitution) sinners, thus satisfying the demands of justice and propitiation, so God ...

  9. Theology of John Calvin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theology_of_John_Calvin

    Calvin regarded the first three offices as temporary, limited in their existence to the time of the New Testament. The latter two offices were established in the church in Geneva. Although Calvin respected the work of the ecumenical councils, he considered them to be subject to God's Word found in scripture. He also believed that the civil and ...