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This eruption, with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 7, ejected 37–45 km 3 (8.9–10.8 cubic miles) of dense-rock equivalent (DRE) material into the atmosphere, [3] and was the most recent confirmed VEI-7 eruption. [4] Although the Mount Tambora eruption reached a violent climax on 10 April 1815, [5] increased steaming and small phreatic ...
The main cause of the Year Without a Summer is generally held to be a volcanic winter created by the April 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora on Sumbawa. [7] [8] [9] The eruption had a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) ranking of 7, and ejected at least 37 km 3 (8.9 cu mi) of dense-rock equivalent material into the atmosphere. [10]
The 1815 Tambora eruption is the largest and most devastating observed eruption in recorded history; a comparison with other major eruptions is listed below. [ 5 ] [ 31 ] [ 38 ] The explosion was heard 2,600 kilometres (1,600 mi) or 3,350 kilometres (2,080 mi) away, and ash deposits were registered at a distance of at least 1,300 kilometres ...
The only unambiguous VEI-7 eruption to have been directly observed in recorded history was Mount Tambora in 1815 and caused the Year Without a Summer in 1816. The Minoan eruption of Thera in the middle of the second millennium BC may have been VEI-7, but may have been just shy of the 100 cubic kilometers required.
The 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora on Sumbawa and the 1257 eruption of Mount Samalas on Lombok were among the largest in the last two millennia, ranking 7 on the VEI scale. [14] The Sunda Arc subduction zone was also the site of one of the largest known eruptions of the Cenozoic , the VEI 8 Toba supereruption on Sumatra , which expelled 2,800 ...
Three great columns of flame rose in the sky over Mount Tambora on April 10, 1815. The long-dormant Indonesian volcano had rumbled to life five days earlier with a thunderous detonation followed.
April 5–April 12: Mount Tambora explodes, changing climate. Main article: Year Without a Summer April 5–April 12, 1815 – Mount Tambora in the Dutch East Indies blows its top explosively during an eruption, killing upwards of 92,000 and propelling thousands of tons of aerosols ( Sulfide gas compounds) into the upper atmosphere ...
This process raised Mount Tambora as high as 4,300 m (14,000 ft), making it one of the tallest peaks in the Indonesian archipelago, and drained off a large magma chamber inside the mountain. In 1815 , Tambora erupted with a rating of seven on the volcanic explosivity index ; the largest eruption since the Lake TaupÅ eruption in AD 181 .