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Benzene is sufficiently nucleophilic that it undergoes substitution by acylium ions and alkyl carbocations to give substituted derivatives. Electrophilic aromatic substitution of benzene. The most widely practiced example of this reaction is the ethylation of benzene. Approximately 24,700,000 tons were produced in 1999. [73]
The C 3-benzenes are a class of organic aromatic compounds which contain a benzene ring and three other carbon atoms. For the hydrocarbons with no further unsaturation, there are four isomers. The chemical formula for all the saturated isomers is C 9 H 12 .
The C 2 benzenes are a class of organic aromatic compounds which contain a benzene ring and two other carbon atoms. For the hydrocarbons with no further unsaturation, there are four isomers. There are three xylenes and one ethylbenzene. The substances are:
Most of those methods, but not all, involve the use of a solvent either for liquid-liquid extraction or extractive distillation. Many different solvents are suitable, including sulfolane (C 4 H 8 O 2 S), furfural (C 5 H 4 O 2 ), tetraethylene glycol (C 8 H 18 O 5 ), dimethylsulfoxide (C 2 H 6 OS), and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (C 5 H 9 NO).
Heteroarenes are aromatic compounds, where at least one methine or vinylene (-C= or -CH=CH-) group is replaced by a heteroatom: oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. [3] Examples of non-benzene compounds with aromatic properties are furan, a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered ring that includes a single oxygen atom, and pyridine, a heterocyclic compound with a six-membered ring containing one ...
The C 4-benzenes are a class of organic aromatic compounds which contain a benzene ring and four other carbon atoms. There are three tetramethylbenzenes, six dimethylethylbenzenes, three diethylbenzenes, three isopropylmethylbenzenes, three n-propylmethylbenzenes and four butylbenzenes.
An aromatic hydrocarbon or arene is a hydrocarbon, ... Benzene derivatives (24 C, 29 P) C. Cyclophanes (1 C, 24 P) P. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (1 C, 79 P) V.
Coronene (also known as superbenzene and cyclobenzene) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) comprising seven peri-fused benzene rings. [10] Its chemical formula is C 24 H 12. It is a yellow material that dissolves in common solvents including benzene, toluene, and dichloromethane. Its solutions emit blue light fluorescence under UV light.