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The European Atlas of the Seas is an interactive web-based atlas that provides information on the coasts and seas in Europe. The latest version of the Atlas was released on 16 September 2020 and is available in the 24 official languages of the European Union .
Clickable map of Europe, showing the standard convention for its continental boundary with Asia. (see boundary between Asia and Europe for more information). Legend: blue = Contiguous transcontinental states; green = Sometimes considered European but geographically outside Europe's boundaries.
Europe's boundaries are primarily maritime. The continent is bound by the Atlantic, the Arctic Ocean, the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. The Baltic is entirely within Europe. Each of these is subdivided into smaller seas and straits.
Below are separate lists of countries and dependencies with their land boundaries, and lists of which countries and dependencies border oceans and major seas. The first short section describes the borders or edges of continents and oceans/major seas. Disputed areas are not considered.
Satellite image of Europe by night 1916 physical map of Europe Topography of Europe. Some geographical texts refer to a Eurasian continent given that Europe is not surrounded by sea and its southeastern border has always been variously defined for centuries. In terms of shape, Europe is a collection of connected peninsulas and nearby
Marginal seas as defined by the International Hydrographic Organization [1] This is a list of seas of the World Ocean, including marginal seas, areas of water, various gulfs, bights, bays, and straits. [2] In many cases it is a matter of tradition for a body of water to be named a sea or a bay, etc., therefore all these types are listed here.
The Mediterranean Sea, between Africa and Europe The Atlantic Ocean around the plate boundaries (text is in Finnish). The African and European mainlands are non-contiguous, and the delineation between these continents is thus merely a question of which islands are to be associated with which continent.
In classical antiquity, Europe was assumed to cover the quarter of the globe north of the Mediterranean, an arrangement that was adhered to in medieval T and O maps. Ptolemy's world map of the 2nd century already had a reasonably precise description of southern and western Europe, but was unaware of particulars of northern and eastern Europe.