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Trisomy 21. Down syndrome (also known by the karyotype 47,XX,+21 for females and 47,XY,+21 for males) [98] is mostly caused by a failure of the 21st chromosome to separate during egg or sperm development, known as nondisjunction. [91] As a result, a sperm or egg cell is produced with an extra copy of chromosome 21; this cell thus has 24 ...
The obsolete medical terms Mongolian idiocy and Mongolism referred to a specific type of mental deficiency, associated with the genetic disorder now known as Down syndrome. The obsolete term for a person with this syndrome was called a Mongolian idiot. In the 21st century, these terms are no longer used as medical terminology, deemed an ...
Genetics of Down syndrome. Down syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality characterized by the presence of an extra copy of genetic material on chromosome 21, either in whole (trisomy 21) or part (such as due to translocations). The effects of the extra copy varies greatly from individual to individual, depending on the extent of the extra copy ...
Mongoloid (/ ˈmɒŋɡəˌlɔɪd /) [ 1 ] is an obsolete racial grouping of various peoples indigenous to large parts of Asia, the Americas, and some regions in Europe and Oceania. The term is derived from a now-disproven theory of biological race. [ 2 ] In the past, other terms such as " Mongolian race", "yellow", "Asiatic" and " Oriental ...
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that often results in distinct physical differences and intellectual disability. According to the Centers for Disease Control, each year about 6,000 babies are ...
The book, characteristic of the consequently discredited ideas of scientific racism prevalent at the time, explored and presented the idea that "Mongolian imbecility" (a form of intellectual disability now called Down's syndrome and known to be caused by the replication (trisomy) of the chromosome 21) was an atavistic throwback to, and/or the ...
An epicanthic fold or epicanthus[6] is a skin fold of the upper eyelid that covers the inner corner (medial canthus) of the eye. [3] However, variation occurs in the nature of this feature and the possession of "partial epicanthic folds" or "slight epicanthic folds" is noted in the relevant literature. [7][8][9] Various factors influence ...
XX male syndrome. XX male syndrome, also known as de la Chapelle syndrome, is a rare intersex condition in which an individual with a 46,XX karyotype develops a male phenotype. [2] Synonyms for XX male syndrome include 46,XX testicular difference of sex development (or 46,XX DSD) [3][4][5][6]