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The Van Slyke determination is a chemical test for the determination of amino acids containing a primary amine group. It is named after the biochemist Donald Dexter Van Slyke (1883-1971). [1] One of Van Slyke's first professional achievements was the quantification of amino acids by the Van Slyke determination reaction. [2]
Hydrophobicity scales. Hydrophobicity scales are values that define the relative hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity of amino acid residues. The more positive the value, the more hydrophobic are the amino acids located in that region of the protein. These scales are commonly used to predict the transmembrane alpha-helices of membrane proteins.
Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. [ 1 ] Although over 500 amino acids exist in nature, by far the most important are the 22 α-amino acids incorporated into proteins. [ 2 ] Only these 22 appear in the genetic code of life. [ 3 ][ 4 ]
If the test is positive the proof is neutralized with an alkali, turning dark yellow. The yellow colour is due to xanthoproteic acid which is formed due to nitration of certain amino acids, most common examples being tyrosine and tryptophan. [1] This chemical reaction is a qualitative test, determining the presence or absence of proteins.
Biuret test. In chemistry, the biuret test (IPA: / ˌbaɪjəˈrɛt /, / ˈbaɪjəˌrɛt / [1]), also known as Piotrowski's test, is a chemical test used for detecting the presence of at least two peptide bonds in a molecule. In the presence of peptides, a copper (II) ion forms mauve -colored coordination complexes in an alkaline solution.
Bradford protein assay. The Bradford protein assay (also known as the Coomassie protein assay) was developed by Marion M. Bradford in 1976. [1] It is a quick and accurate [2] spectroscopic analytical procedure used to measure the concentration of protein in a solution. The reaction is dependent on the amino acid composition of the measured ...