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Some research has suggested the half-life of clonidine is dose dependent and approximately doubles upon chronic dosing, [93] while other work contradicts this. [6] Following a 0.3 mg oral dose, a small study of five patients by Dollery et al. (1976) found half-lives ranging between 6.3 and 23.4 hours ( mean 12.7). [ 94 ]
In dogs, sheep, horses, and cattle, the half-life is very short: only 1.21– 5.97 minutes. Complete elimination of the drug can take up to 23 minutes in sheep and up to 49 minutes in horses. [1] [3] In young rats the half life is one hour. [18] Xylazine has a large volume of distribution of V d = 1.9 – 2.5 for horses, cattle, sheep, and dogs ...
It has an elimination half-life of 19–60 hours. [10] Peak blood concentrations of 6.5–13.5 ng/mL were usually reached within 1–2 hours following a single 2 mg oral dose of micronized clonazepam in healthy adults. In some individuals, however, peak blood concentrations were reached at 4–8 hours. [130]
Half-life (symbol t½) is the time required for a quantity (of substance) to reduce to half of its initial value. The term is commonly used in nuclear physics to describe how quickly unstable atoms undergo radioactive decay or how long stable atoms survive. The term is also used more generally to characterize any type of exponential (or, rarely ...
Dexmedetomidine, sold under the trade name Precedex among others, is a drug used in humans for sedation. [4] Veterinarians use dexmedetomidine for similar purposes in treating cats, dogs, and horses. [8][9] It is also used in humans to treat acute agitation associated with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. [5]
Pimobendan is indicated for the management of the signs of mild, moderate, or severe congestive heart failure in dogs due to clinical myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) or dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM); [1] [7] and for use with concurrent therapy for congestive heart failure (e.g.,furosemide, etc.) as appropriate on a case-by-case basis. [1]
The metabolic half-life is 8 to 59 hours (approximately 24 hours for opioid-tolerant people, and 55 hours in opioid-naive people), as opposed to a half-life of 1 to 5 hours for morphine. [12] The length of the half-life of methadone allows for exhibition of respiratory depressant effects for an extended duration of time in opioid-naive people. [12]
Alprazolam, sold under the brand name Xanax and others, is a fast-acting, potent tranquilizer of moderate duration within the triazolobenzodiazepine group of chemicals called benzodiazepines. [ 15 ] Alprazolam is most commonly prescribed in the management of anxiety disorders, especially panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). [ 9 ]