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A megakaryocyte (from mega- 'large' karyo- 'cell nucleus' and -cyte 'cell') is a large bone marrow cell with a lobated nucleus that produces blood platelets ...
Thrombopoietin (THPO) also known as megakaryocyte growth and development factor (MGDF) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the THPO gene. Thrombopoietin is a glycoprotein hormone produced by the liver and kidney which regulates the production of platelets .
During thrombopoiesis, the promegakaryocyte matures into the form of a megakaryocyte. From the megakaryocyte, platelets are formed. [1] The megakaryoblast is the beginning of the thrombocytic series or platelet forming series. Megakaryoblasts typically have a large oval-shaped nucleus or a nucleus that is lobed with many nuclei. [2]
This includes self-renewal and expansion of hematopoietic stem cells, stimulating the increase of megakaryocyte progenitor cells, and supporting these cells so they mature to become platelet-producing cells. [2] The process of thrombopoiesis is caused by the breakdown of proplatelets (mature megakaryocyte membrane pseudopodial projections ...
CFU-GEMM is a colony forming unit that generates myeloid cells.CFU-GEMM cells are the oligopotential progenitor cells [1] [2] for myeloid cells; they are thus also called common myeloid progenitor cells or myeloid stem cells.
Megakaryocyte–erythroid progenitor cells must commit to becoming either platelet-producing megakaryocytes via megakaryopoiesis or erythrocyte-producing erythroblasts via erythropoiesis. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Most of the blood cells produced in the bone marrow during hematopoiesis come from megakaryocyte–erythroid progenitor cells.
The cause of CAMT is believed to be mutations in the MPL gene coding for thrombopoietin receptor, which is expressed in pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and cells of the megakaryocyte lineage. [1] CAMT is diagnosed by a bone marrow biopsy and is often initially suspected to be fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. [3]
In order to eventually produce a megakaryocyte, the haematopoietic stem cell must generate myeloid cells, so it becomes a common myeloid progenitor, CFU-GEMM. This in turn develops into CFU-Meg, which is the colony forming unit that leads to the production of megakaryocytes. [1] [2] [3] Some sources prefer the term "CFU-Mega". [4]