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Elementary fracture Description Associated fractures Description Posterior wall: This is the most common variety of acetabular fracture. It typically occurs due to dashboard injury; when a person travelling in a vehicle involved in a head-on collision, the force applied over the flexed knee travels along the femur bone to the head of the femur, breaking the posterior wall of the acetabulum.
When either abnormality is present, it changes the position of the femoral head in the hip socket. The increased stresses that the femur and or acetabulum experience may lead to a fracture of the acetabular rim or a detachment of the overstressed labrum. [4] Women are more susceptible to acetabulum labrum tears due to their pelvic anatomy.
Total hip replacement is most commonly used to treat joint failure caused by osteoarthritis.Other indications include rheumatoid arthritis, avascular necrosis, traumatic arthritis, protrusio acetabuli, [5] certain hip fractures, benign and malignant bone tumors, [6] arthritis associated with Paget's disease, [7] ankylosing spondylitis [8] and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. [9]
Buck's traction, involving skin traction. It is widely used for femoral fractures, low back pain, acetabular fractures and hip fractures. [2] Skin traction rarely causes fracture reduction, but reduces pain and maintains the length of the bone. [2] Dunlop's traction – humeral fractures in children; Russell's traction; Halo-gravity traction
X-ray of Femoral Osteotomy hardware to correct femoral rotation caused by hip dysplasia. X-ray of the right hip in female patient in early thirties. Two main types of osteotomies are used in the correction of hip dysplasias and deformities to improve alignment/interaction of acetabulum – (socket) – and femoral head – (ball), innominate osteotomies and femoral osteotomies.
In radiography the presence of a "crossover sign" is produced when the posterior wall of the acetabulum crosses the anterior wall before reaching the acetabular roof. It is a sign of acetabular retroversion and it has been linked with overcoverage and pincer impingement. Nevertheless, this sign has been described in 6% of the normal population.
External fixation is a surgical treatment wherein Kirschner pins and wires are inserted and affixed into bone and then exit the body to be attached to an external apparatus composed of rings and threaded rods — the Ilizarov apparatus, the Taylor Spatial Frame, and the Octopod External Fixator — which immobilises the damaged limb to facilitate healing. [1]
A total hip replacement consists of replacing both the acetabulum and the femoral head while hemiarthroplasty generally only replaces the femoral head. Hip replacement is currently the most common orthopaedic operation, though patient satisfaction short- and long-term varies widely. [citation needed]