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The theory of the double empathy problem is a psychological and sociological theory first coined in 2012 by Damian Milton, an autistic autism researcher. [2] This theory proposes that many of the difficulties autistic individuals face when socializing with non-autistic individuals are due, in part, to a lack of mutual understanding between the two groups, meaning that most autistic people ...
E–S theory was developed by psychologist Simon Baron-Cohen in 2002, [10] as a reconceptualization of cognitive sex differences in the general population. This was done in an effort to understand why the cognitive difficulties in autism appeared to lie in domains in which he says on average females outperformed males, along with why cognitive strengths in autism appeared to lie in domains in ...
The theory of monotropism was developed by Dinah Murray, Wenn Lawson and Mike Lesser starting in the 1990s, and first published in 2005. [1] Lawson's further work on the theory formed the basis of his PhD , Single Attention and Associated Cognition in Autism , and book The Passionate Mind published in 2011.
Mind-blindness is defined as a state where the ToM has not been developed in an individual. [1] According to the theory, non-autistic people can make automatic interpretations of events taking into consideration the mental states of people, their desires, and beliefs.
A similar model was proposed by Drash and Tutor (1993), who developed the contingency-shaped or behavioral incompatibility theory of autism. [148] They identified at least six reinforcement paradigms that may contribute to significant deficiencies in verbal behavior typically characteristic of children diagnosed as autistic.
Autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD), or simply autism, is a neurodevelopmental disorder "characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts" and "restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities". [11] Sensory abnormalities are also included in the diagnostic manuals ...
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Critical autism studies (CAS) is an interdisciplinary research field within autism studies led by autistic people. [1] [2] [3] This field is related to both disability studies and neurodiversity studies. [4] [5] [6] CAS as a discipline is led by autistic academics, and many autistic people engage with the discipline in nonacademic spaces.