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A minimum detectable signal is a signal at the input of a system whose power allows it to be detected over the background electronic noise of the detector system. It can alternately be defined as a signal that produces a signal-to-noise ratio of a given value m at the output. In practice, m is usually chosen to be greater than unity.
Frequency domain, polyphonic detection is possible, usually utilizing the periodogram to convert the signal to an estimate of the frequency spectrum [4].This requires more processing power as the desired accuracy increases, although the well-known efficiency of the FFT, a key part of the periodogram algorithm, makes it suitably efficient for many purposes.
NeuroKit ("nk") is an open source toolbox for physiological signal processing. [1] The most recent version, NeuroKit2, is written in Python and is available from the PyPI package repository. [2] As of June 2022, the software was used in 94 scientific publications. [3]
The detection limit (according to IUPAC) is the smallest concentration, or the smallest absolute amount, of analyte that has a signal statistically significantly larger than the signal arising from the repeated measurements of a reagent blank. Mathematically, the analyte's signal at the detection limit is given by:
Then, it squares the signal to amplify the QRS contribution, which makes identifying the QRS complex more straightforward. Finally, it applies adaptive thresholds to detect the peaks of the filtered signal. The algorithm was proposed by Jiapu Pan and Willis J. Tompkins in 1985, in the journal IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. [1]
There is a high power of noise relative to the power of the desired signal (i.e., there is a low signal-to-noise ratio). If the receiver were to sample this signal at the correct moments, the resulting binary message could be incorrect. To increase our signal-to-noise ratio, we pass the received signal through a matched filter.
Wavelet Packet Decomposition is a powerful signal processing technique that offers a multi-resolution analysis of the timber's moisture content. This approach allows for a detailed examination of the signal at different frequency bands, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the moisture distribution within the material. [13]
Optical homodyne detection. In electrical engineering, homodyne detection is a method of extracting information encoded as modulation of the phase and/or frequency of an oscillating signal, by comparing that signal with a standard oscillation that would be identical to the signal if it carried null information.