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Note that, on a bicycle, as rake angle increases, head angle decreases. Trail can vary as the bike leans or steers. In the case of traditional geometry, trail decreases (and wheelbase increases if measuring distance between ground contact points and not hubs) as the bike leans and steers in the direction of the lean. [17]
The stem is the component on a bicycle that connects the handlebars to the steerer tube of the bicycle fork. Sometimes called a goose neck , [ 1 ] a stem's design belongs to either a quill or threadless system, and each system is compatible with respective headset and fork designs:
A single-speed bicycle is a type of bicycle with a single gear ratio and a freewheel mechanism. These bicycles are without derailleur gears, hub gearing or other methods for varying the gear ratio of the bicycle.
Such a bicycle was then said to be geared at 60 gear inches and pedalled similar to an ordinary with a 60-inch wheel. Thus on a bicycle geared at 72 gear inches one revolution of the pedals advances the bicycle the distance that a 72-inch wheel would in one revolution.
In the days of quill stems, a road stem was clearly identifiable from its "7" shape, but nowadays it can be hard to tell the difference between a "road" (26.0 mm [1 + 1 ⁄ 32 in]) and "MTB" (25.4 mm [1 in]) stem. Manufacturers frequently omit the clamp size from advertising or packaging.
Before epicyclic gears were used in bicycle hubs, they were used on tricycles. Patents for epicyclic hubs date from the mid-1880s. [5] [6] The first patent for a compact epicyclic hub gear was granted in 1895 to the American machinist Seward Thomas Johnson of Noblesville, Indiana, U.S.A. [7] This was a 2-speed but was not commercially successful.
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Chainstay: a pair of tubes on a bicycle frame that runs from the bottom bracket to the rear fork ends; Chain tensioner: a device to maintain proper chain tension; Chaintug: a device to aid in setting the proper chain tension; Cluster: a bicycle cogset, either a freewheel, or cassette